Sui!cide is the act of intentionally causing one's own de@ath. Risk factors include mental disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, personality disorders, alcoholism, or substance misuse. Others are impulsive acts due to stress such as from financial difficulties, troubles with relationships, or from bullying. Those who have previously attempted sui!cide are at higher risk for future attempts. Sui!cide prevention efforts include limiting access to method of su!icide, such as firearms and poisons, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, proper media reporting of sui!cide, and improving economic conditions. Although crisis hotlines are common, there is little evidence for their effectiveness.
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